Country · 26 places dug
The history of Portugal
125 digs · 1579 sourced records · last reviewed 8 November 2026
Strata has dug 26 places in Portugal — Sintra, Cascais, Lisbon and more: 125 spots of ground, 1579 sourced records, from deep time to the modern era. Each place below is a page of its own, assembled from what happened on particular ground there, with every record linked to its source.
Places dug in Portugal
The history of SintraA 19th-century palace, now a museum — Sintra gathers a dolmen-studded hillside, a Moorish hilltop fortress, royal palaces that held both a king's birth and his imprisonment, a town jail turned post office, and a dictator's summer house where a decade of planning led to power, into one record of ground held by farmers, friars, Moors, monarchs and resort-builders in turn. 35 digs456 records The history of CascaisThe researcher who dug up forty forgotten rabbis — Cascais grew from scattered Roman farm estates and a Visigothic burial ground into a chartered fishing town, then a royal resort after the 1870s, a wartime refuge for exiled kings in the 1940s, and finally the museum-filled, hotel-lined coast recorded here today. 31 digs
399 records The history of LisbonA Manueline fort on the Tagus — Lisbon's ground holds a Moorish siege of 1147, the earthquake of 1755 that flattened its churches and palaces, and forty years of secret police headquarters that ended in gunfire on 25 April 1974. 26 digs
341 records The history of PortoPorto — Porto grew from Cale, a settlement known from around the fifth century BC, into a walled medieval city and then a capital of commerce and revolution. 4 digs
72 records The history of EvoraA Manueline church with a chapel of bones — Évora grew from Roman Ebora into a walled medieval and early modern city, held in turn by Romans, Almohads and Portuguese kings. 4 digs
52 records The history of LouresA road crew found a Roman town buried under Loures — Loures gathers traces from Upper Paleolithic hunting camps to a Roman farming estate and villa, through a parish first named in 1118, shaken by earthquakes in 1531, 1551 and 1755, and still marked today by civic life along Rua da República. 2 digs
27 records The history of MisericordiaFire took the Chiado twice, and the poets stayed — Misericórdia is a parish at the heart of old Lisbon, holding the square where the Camões Monument was raised in 1867 over disputed remains, and the Chiado quarter rebuilt first after the 1755 earthquake and again after the 1988 fire. 2 digs
26 records The history of Santa Maria MaiorA convent that watched power fall twice — Santa Maria Maior, a Lisbon parish, holds ground that saw royal court and religious authority rise and then fall in a single morning. 2 digs
23 records The history of GrandolaA stretch of ancient burial ground near a lagoon — Grândola, in Portugal's Setúbal region, joins a market town whose name became a revolution's password with the older ground around Melides, where burial sites by the coastal lagoons predate any village by thousands of years. 2 digs
16 records The history of Vila Nova de GaiaA suspension bridge, now two stone towers — At Funicular dos Guindais, Vila Nova de Gaia, two stone towers and a ruined guardhouse mark where an iron suspension bridge once crossed the Douro to Porto, built in 1841–1843, opened amid a flood, and dismantled in 1887 once a new bridge took its place. 1 dig
16 records The history of MealhadaA former hunting palace, now a hotel — Mealhada holds the Buçaco Forest site where Carmelite monks built a retreat in 1628, Wellington defeated Napoleon's army in 1810, and a Neo-Manueline hunting palace rose from the convent's ruins for a king who was assassinated before he could use it, opening instead as a hotel in 1910. 1 dig
15 records The history of Torres VedrasA Copper Age burial ground — Torres Vedras grew from a ridge above the Portuguese coast where Copper Age communities raised shared tombs long before any town stood there. 1 dig
15 records The history of AlbufeiraWhere the water meets the sea, then vanishes — Albufeira, on the Algarve coast, has held Phoenician and Carthaginian sailors, Roman villas and salting tanks, a medieval necropolis, and a town largely erased by the earthquake and tsunami of 1755. 1 dig
13 records The history of MatosinhosAn open square by the Matosinhos coast — Matosinhos is a coastal municipality near Porto, settled since Paleolithic and Mesolithic times and anchored by an Iron Age hillfort. 1 dig
13 records The history of MafraThe heir he begged for cost an empire's fortune — Mafra grew around a king's vow: John V promised in 1711 to build a convent if his wife bore an heir, and that promise became the vast Palace of Mafra, finished in 1755. 1 dig
12 records The history of OeirasThe institute that tried to abolish the boss — Oeiras, on the Tagus estuary west of Lisbon, grew from a fishing and defensive coastline into a municipality in 1759 under the Marquês de Pombal, and later into a dense Lisbon suburb, its ground marked by a fort, a railway, and a science institute built without a chain of command. 1 dig
12 records The history of NazareA hilltop parish above Nazaré's beach — Nazaré rises from its beach to the hilltop parish of Pederneira, once an independent municipality in its own right. 1 dig
11 records The history of LouleA charter of pines and beach became Europe's largest private resort — Loulé's coast turned from pine-fringed beach to fishing parish to resort town. 1 dig
10 records The history of Salvaterra de MagosA retreat built for kings, and left to fire and earthquake — Salvaterra de Magos grew around a royal hunting lodge built in the 1500s, where a royal marriage contract was signed in 1383 and the Portuguese court gathered through the 1700s. 1 dig
9 records The history of CoimbraCoimbra grew up on the banks of the Mondego, chartered as a city in 1085 and marked over the centuries by religious houses, a fortified tower, an inquisition tribunal and a bridge across its river. 1 dig
8 records The history of PenicheBuilt for pirates, kept for prisoners — Peniche, Portugal, is marked above all by its fortress, raised from 1557 against pirate raids and later turned, from 1934 to 1974, into one of the Estado Novo's most feared political prisons. 1 dig
8 records The history of Parque das NacoesSail folds, hotel rises where the fair once stood — Parque das Nações sits on Lisbon's Tagus riverfront, a stretch once given to seaplanes, shipbuilding, and industrial pollution before demolition cleared it for the 1998 World Expo, which left behind the Vasco da Gama Tower and the fixed artwork Cursiva near its base. 1 dig
7 records The history of AldoarBishop's chapel, buried inside a fortress wall — Aldoar's recorded ground centres on Passo de Santa Anastácia, where a Renaissance church built in the 1520s for a bishop of Viseu was demolished after 1646 and folded into an expanded fortress, finished by 1653 to defend the Douro's mouth against Spain. 1 dig
5 records The history of Sobral de Monte AgracoThe tide that reached its farthest point and stopped — Sobral de Monte Agraço is a parish on a hill above Lisbon where, in October 1810, Marshal André Masséna's army found the road south closed by the Lines of Torres Vedras. 1 dig
5 records The history of AlmadaThe cliff the sea kept taking back — Almada's Charneca de Caparica lies between two guarded landscapes: a pine forest planted to hold shifting dunes and a fossil-rich sea cliff that has been collapsing for thousands of years. 1 dig
4 records The history of Santiago do CacemOpen farm country in Setúbal district — Santiago do Cacém, in Setúbal district, grew into a market town amid open farm country that includes land near Abela, where a Bronze Age stone marker and the nearby Celtic and Roman town of Miróbriga mark older settlement, while farming continued across the surrounding parishes. 1 dig
4 records